Mozambique

This Page was last updated on the 25th. October, 2005.

 

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Country

Mozambique

Official Name

Republic of Mozambique (Republica de Mocambique)
Former Name Portuguese East Africa (San were first inhabitants; Bantu-speaking peoples migrated 1st-4th centuries AD; Arab trading settlements along the coast; Portuguese explorers reached Mozambique in 1498; Portuguese trading posts and forts established from aroud 1500; administration by large private companies, controlled and financed by the British by the early 20th century; drive for independence and anti-colonial political groups formed Front for the Liberation of Mozambique [FRELIMO] in 1962; FRELIMO initiated armed campaign against Portuguese colonial rule in September 1964; independence and FRELIMO establishment of one-party Marxist state in 1975.)

Capital

Maputo

Main Towns

Beira, Inhambane, Maputo (pop. 1,100,000 est.), Nampula, Quelimane, Tete, Xai Xai

Subdivisions

10 provinces: Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia. 1 city: Maputo City.

Independence

25 July 1975 (from Portugal)

Constitution 30 November 1990
National Holiday Independence Day, 25 June (1975)

UN Membership

16 September 1975

OAU Membership

18 July 1975 – now African Union (AU)

Commonwealth

13 November 1995

Other Organisations

In alphabetical order according to abbreviation/acronym: Africa-Caribbean-Pacific-European Union (ACP-EU), African Development Bank (AfDB or AFDB), Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries (CPLP), Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Group of 77 at the United Nations (G-77), International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), International Criminal Court (ICCt - signatory), International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU), International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM), International Development Association (IDA), Islamic Development Bank (IDB), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), International Finance Corporation (IFC), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS), International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO), International Labour Organisation (ILO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), International Maritime Organisation (IMO), International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol), International Olympic Committee (IOC), International Organisation for Migration (IOM - observer), Indian Ocean Rim-Association for Regional Cooperation (IOR-ARC), International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO - correspondent), International Telecommunications Union (ITU), United Nations Organisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC), Non Aligned Movement (NAM), Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC), Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), Southern African Development Community (SADC), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO), United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET), Universal Postal Union (UPU), World Customs Organization (WCO, former Customs Cooperation Council [CCC]), World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), World Health Organisation (WHO), World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), World Tourism Organisation (WToO), World Trade Organisation (WTrO).

Population

World Bank Figures: 17,299,000 (1999), 17,691,000 (2000), 18,071,156 (2001), 18,438,334 (2002), 18,791,420 (2003)
Other Sources: 18,115,250 (July 1995), 16,099,246 (1997 census), 19,371,057 (July 2001 est.), 17,479,266 (July 2003 est.) 19,406,703 (July 2005 est.)

Area

308,642 sq. mls. (799,380 sq. kms.)

Density

20 per sq.km. (1995)

Highest Point

Monte Binga 7,992 ft. (2,436 m.)

Lowest Point

Indian Ocean/Mozambique Channel - sea level

Neighbours

Malawi (NW), South Africa (SE), Tanzania (N), Zambia (NW), Zimbabwe (W)

Life Expectancy

47 years (1995), total population:  36.45 years, male:  37.25 years, female:  35.62 years (2001 est.)
total population: 31.3 years, male: 30.98 years, female: 31.63 years (2003 est.)
total population: 40.32 years male: 39.9 years female: 40.75 years (2005 est.)

Infant Mortality Rate total: 199 deaths/1,000 live births, female: 180.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.), male: 216.85 deaths/1,000 live births
total: 130.79 deaths/1,000 live births male: 135.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 125.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
HIV/AIDS

adult prevalence rate: 13% 12.6 to 16.4%, estimates vary (2001 est.) 12.2% (2003 est.)
people living with HIV/AIDS: 1.1 million (2001 est.) 1.3 million (2003 est.)
deaths: 60,000 (2001 est.) 110,000 (2003 est.)

IRIN Plus News - HIV/AIDS Treatment Map: Mozambique - Updated: Sept 2004
Population: 19.9 million
HIV Prevalence Rate (%) 2003 End: 12.2
No. Of People living with HIV/AIDS: 1.4 million
No. Of People in need of ART: 218,000
No. Of People Currently On ART (Sep 04): 5,900
No. Of People on ART Public Sector: 1,700
No. Of People on ART in Non Govt Programmes: 4,200 (2,230 Sant'Egidio, 1,753 MSF)
No. Of People Exptd to be on ART (2005 End): 28,005
Front Line Drug Regimen: Nevirapine+Lamivudine+Stavudine
HIV/AIDS Treatment Sites: 17
Global Fund 2 Year Approved Funding (Round 2: Approved 02-Apr-04): US$21,959,684.00
Total Funds Disbursed By The Global Fund: US$1,000,000.00
Total Funds Disbursed By The World Bank Multi-Country HIV/AIDS Programme (MAP): US$55 million
Total Funds Disbursed By PEPFAR: US$25.5 million
Source: UNAIDS, Ministry of Health, WHO, MSF (Médecins Sans Frontières)

Adult Literacy Rate

41% (1995), total population:  42.3%, male:  58.4%, female:  27% (1998 est.)
total population: 47.8%, male: 63.5%, female: 32.7% (2003 est.)

Ethnic Groups

Indigenous groups (99.66%) including Chokwe, Lomwe, Makonde, Makua, Manyika, Sena, Shangaan, Shona, Thonga; Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%

Languages

Emakhuwa 26.1%, Xichangana 11.3%, Portuguese 8.8% (official; spoken by 27% of population as a second language), Elomwe 7.6%, Cisena 6.8%, Echuwabo 5.8%, other Mozambican languages 32%, other foreign languages 0.3%, unspecified 1.3% (1997 census)

Religions

Catholic 23.8%, Zionist Christian 17.5%, Muslim 17.8%, other 17.8%, none 23.1% (1997 census)

Type of Government

Republic

President

Armando Guebuza (since 2 February 2005 [25/10/2005])

Prime Minister

Luisa Dias Diogo since 17 February 2004 [25/10/2005])

Political Parties

Political parties: Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frelimo, Frente de Libertação de Moçambique); Mozambique National Resistance-Electoral Union (Renamo-UE, Resistência Nacional de Moçambique-Uniao Eleitoral).
Political pressure groups: Institute for Peace and Democracy (IPADE, Instituto para Paz e Democracia); Etica; Movement for Peace and Citizenship (Movimento para Paz e Cidadania); Mozambican League of Human Rights (LDH, Liga Mocambicana dos Direitos Humanos); Human Rights and Development (DHD, Direitos Humanos e Desenvolvimento).

Ruling Party

FRELIMO

Currency

Metical (MT, MZM)(100 centavos)
meticais per US dollar - 22,581 (2004), 23,782 (2003), 23,678 (2002), 20,704 (2001), 15,227 (2000)

GDP

US$1,469m (1995),
GDP: US$3.9 billion (2000) GDP: US$5.3 bn (2004)
purchasing power parity - US$23.38 billion (2004 est.)
per capita purchasing power parity - US$1,000 (2002 est.)
per capita purchasing power parity - US$1,200 (2004 est.)

GNP

US$80 (1992) US$120 (1994) US$80 (1995)

Per Capita Income Per capita income: US$210 (2002) GDP per head: US$276 (2004)
Population Below Poverty Line 70% (2001 est.)
Land Use arable land: 5.1% permanent crops: 0.3% other: 94.6% (2001) Irrigated land: 1,070 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural Resources coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite
Oil and Natural Gas Oil production: 0 bbl/day (2001 est.) consumption: 8,500 bbl/day (2001 est.) exports: NA (2001) imports: NA (2001) proved reserves: 0 bbl (January 2002 est.)
Natural gas - production: 60 million cu m (2001 est.)
consumption: 60 million cu m (2001 est.)
exports: 0 cu m (2001 est.) imports: 0 cu m (2001 est.)
proved reserves: 63.71 billion cu m (1 January 2002 est.)
Pipelines: crude oil 306 km; petroleum products 289 km (none of the pipelines are operating)
Pipelines: gas 649 km; refined products 292 km (2004)
Military Military branches: Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Special Forces, Militia
Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 4,142,449 (2003 est.)
males age 18-49: 3,793,373 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: US$35.1 million, 1% of GDP (2000 est.) $117.3 million, 2.2% of GDP (2004)
Economic Aid Received US$632.8 million (2001)
Aid per Capita (World Bank): US$47 (1999), US$50 (2000), US$52 (2001), US$111 (2002), US$55 (2003)

Debt

Less indebted (HIPC)
World Bank Figures: US$1,162,000,000 (2000), US$916,000,000 (2001), US$893,699,968 (2002), US$1,352,199,936 (2003)
Other Sources: US$5.5bn (1995) US$1.4 bn (2000 est.) US$966 million (2002 est.)
The debt has been reduced through forgiveness and rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Enhanced HIPC initiatives.

Major Imports

machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal products, foodstuffs, textiles
mineral products, merchandise and nonspecific products, machinery equipment and electrical machinery (2003)

Imports from

South Africa 40.5%, Portugal 8.4%, US 1.8%, UK, 1.1%, Australia (2001)
South Africa, Australia, United States (2003) US$1.24 billion (2003)
South Africa 35.7%, Australia 10.9%, US 3.7% (2004) $972.9 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Major Exports

aluminum, prawns, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity
metal and products, mineral products, live animals and products (2003)

Exports to

South Africa 15.3%, Zimbabwe 5.3%, Japan 4.2%, Portugal 4.0%, Spain (2001)
Belgium, South Africa, Spain (2003) US$910 million (2003)
Belgium 32%, Italy 13.9%, Spain 12.6%, Germany 9.8%, Zimbabwe 4.7% (2004) US$689.4 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

We try to have each fact sheet up to date and as accurate as possible.
If you notice any mistakes, or have suggestions on items which could be added, please let us know by emailing to: suttonlink@dial.pipex.com

The White Fathers, Sutton Coldfield, 25 October, 2005

Page 35 of 61

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